Effect of different routes of Dexamethasone injection on aqueous humor concentration and blood glucose in type 2 diabetic rats / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

@#AIM: To evaluate the effect of different routes of dexamethasone administration on aqueous humor concentration and blood glucose in type 2 diabetic(T2DM)rats.<p>METHODS: The T2DM rats successfully modeled were randomly divided into the experimental group(dexamethasone sodium phosphate injection)and the control group(normal saline injection). Each group was randomly divided into three subgroups: peribulbar injection group, post-bulbar injection group and subconjunctival injection group according to different drug delivery routes. Rat tail venous blood was collected 0-24h after injection and blood glucose concentration was determined by dipstick method. After injection, dexamethasone concentration in aqueous aqueous solution of both eyes was determined by HPLC at 0.5-24h.<p>RESULTS: Dexamethasone sodium phosphate or normal saline injection had no significant effect on blood glucose concentration in T2DM rats(<i>P</i>>0.05). After dexamethasone sodium phosphate was injected in different ways for 0.5-24h, rats in the experimental group received dexamethasone concentration peak under bulbar conjunctiva injection group(957.34±3.60ng/mL)>post-bulbar injection group(859.60±3.56ng/mL)>perbulbar injection group(732.38±4.56ng/mL).<p>CONCLUSION: Injection of dexamethasone sodium phosphate into bulbous injection, post-bulbar injection and subconjunctival injection had no significant effect on blood glucose of T2DM rats, while subconjunctival injection was simple and could reach higher drug concentration in a short time than that injected into bulbous injection and sub-bulbous injection.

Effects of thoracic epidural administration of lidocaine on hemodynamic and arousal responses of double lumen tracheal intubation during induction of anesthesia / 北京大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVE@#To compare the effects of thoracic epidural administration of lidocaine on hemodynamic and arousal responses of double lumen tracheal intubation during induction of anesthesia.@*METHODS@#In the study, 40 patients with American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical statuses I-II, aged 19-66 years, scheduled for elective thoracic surgeries under general anesthesia requiring orotracheal intubation were allocated to either the double-lumen endobronchial intubation (T group) or double-lumen endobronchial intubation after epidural administration of lidocaine (E group). After an intravenous anesthetic induction, the orotracheal double-lumen intubation was performed using a Macintosh direct laryngoscopy (MDLS), respectively. Invasive blood pressure (BP), heart rate (HR) and bispectral index (BIS) were recorded before and after anesthetic induction, immediately after intubation and 5 minutes after intubation with 1-minute interval and the intubation time also noted. The rate pressure product (RPP) was calculated.@*RESULTS@#After anesthetic induction, BP and RPP in the two groups decreased significantly compared with their preinduction values. In comparison with their postinduction values, the orotracheal intubation in the two groups caused significant increases in BPs, HRs and RPP. In comparison with their preinduction values, BPs decreased significantly in E group, systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and mean arterial pressure (MAP) increased significantly and lasted for 1 min in T group. The HRs of both groups after intubation were significantly higher than their baseline values , and increased in HR and lasted for 1 min and 4 min in E group and T group, respectively. SBP, DBP, MAP, HR and RPP after intubation in T group were significantly higher than those of E group during the observation period. The values of BIS were similar between both the groups. In T group, the incidences of SBP percent increased>30% of the baseline value and RPP more than 22 000 were significantly higher than in E group. None of the patients in group E had SBP more than 130% of the baseline value and RPP more than 22 000.@*CONCLUSION@#During double-lumen endobronchial intubation, epidural administration of lidocaine can provide less hemodynamic response and similar arousal response.

Application of fluorescence in situ hybridization in prenatal diagnosis of complex chromosomal abnormalities / 中华医学遗传学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the application of fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) technique in prenatal diagnosis of complex chromosomal abnormalities.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Eleven prenatal diagnosis cases (8 from amniocentesis and 3 from cord blood) with complex chromosomal abnormalities detected by routine G-banding, were further analyzed by FISH.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The FISH technique confirmed the results of balanced chromosome rearrangements detected by G-banding, and clarified the structure of the derivative chromosomes in the 3 amniocentesis samples and the origin of the mark chromosomes in the 2 cord blood samples.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>FISH can be used to diagnose the complex chromosomal abnormalities accurately in prenatal diagnosis, and can provide very useful genetic information for clinical diagnosis and treatment.</p>

Molecular and cytogenetic study on 18 cases of amenorrhea: the use of fluorescence in situ hybridization and high resolution-comparative genomic hybridization / 中华医学遗传学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the use of fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and high resolution-comparative genomic hybridization (HR-CGH) techniques in amenorrhea study.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>After routine gynecologic examination, ultrasonography and endocrine examination, 17 cases of primary amenorrhea and 1 case of secondary amenorrhea were analysed by using chromosomal diagnoses including multiplex FISH and HR-CGH analyses.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Among 17 cases of primary amenorrhea, 7 revealed a 46,XX karyotype; 10 cases (58.8%) had abnormal karyotype, including 3 cases of 46,XY females, 2 cases of Turner's syndrome with 45,X and 45,X/46,XX, and other 5 cases with abnormal structure of X chromosome (including partial monosomy of X,X isochromosome and X/Y mosaic). The karyotype of the patient with secondary amenorrhea was translocation between X chromosome and euchromosome.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The using of FISH and HR-CGH can correctly diagnose the patients' karyotypes, and provide absolutely necessarily medical genetic data for clinical diagnosis and therapy.</p>